Pinophyta

Plants perennial, monoecious or dioecious. Woody, branched. Leaves simple, acicular, flattened or reduced to scales. Female sporangia (ovules) and male sporangia (microsporangia) borne in separate axillary or terminal. Ovulate cones compound, the ovuliferous scale derived from a lateral branch systems and subtended by bracts along the cone axis, chartaceous, coriaceous or fleshy; ovules 1-2 per ovuliferous scale; seeds winged or unwinged. Male cones comprising modified leaves (sporophylls). Microsporangia usually producing bi-saccate pollen grains.